morris



(No Model.) I 4 Shets-Sheet 1.

J. W. MORRIS.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

Patented Feb. 12, 1895.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. W. MORRIS. TYPE WRITING MAGHINE. No. 534,072. Patented Feb. 1-2,1895.

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AM. ATTORNEYS:

4 Sheets -She et a.

Patented Feb. 12, 1895.

, INVENTOR,

ATTORNEY (No Model.)

J. W. MORRIS. TYPE WRITING MAGHINE. No. 534,072.

(No Model.) 4'Sheets'Sheet 4 1 MORRIS. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 534,072.. Patented Peb'. 12, 1895.

60 '59 INVENTOR 1 Wandvi mw BY A I ATT RNEYJ:

JAMES WILLARD MORRIS, E PLEASANT VALLEY, E EnsEnASSIe oR, BY MESNEASSIGNMENTS, TO PHILIP S. DYER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

PATENT OFFICE.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

sPEorEIcA'rIoN forming part of Letters Patent No. 534,072, datedFebruary 12,1895.

' application illed Septen'lherZ, 1891. Serial No. 404,504. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JAMES WILLARD Mon- RIs, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Pleasant Valley, in the county of Bergen and Stateof New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement inType- Wrlting Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to type writing machines and more especially to ameans for op:

r the rapid operation of the machine; to secure half from the scale ofFig. 1.

uniformity of impact and a consequent uniform imprint; to provide forthe production of any reasonable and desired number of duplicate copiesof the original, and to reduce the noise incident to the operation ofthe machine to a minimum, all with an expenditure of an exceedinglysmall amount of force or power on the part of the operator. In additionto the above enumerated 0bects of invention manyother objects are soughtfor and obtained by means of the novel constructions, arrangements andcombinations of elements to be hereinafter described and specificallypointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification,

'in which similar reference figures and letters indicate correspondingparts in all the views.

Figure 1 is approximately a full sized side View of a typewriterorganized to embody. my invention, parts being removed, parts beingbroken away and parts being shown in section. Fig. 2 includes aside andan end view of a type-bar. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the machine given ona scale reduced about one- Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken online in, to. of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is'an enlarged detail view of a portionof the ribbon-controlling mechanism. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectionalview on line 011., m'. of Fig. 3, the carriage andthe type carryingblocks and connecting tubes being removed. Fig. 7 is a detail view online oii.-m'i. ofiFig. 6. Fig.8 is a plan view of the plate whichcarries the feeding roll. Fig. 9 is a sectional detail View illustratingthe construction of the carriage-feeding mechanism, the carriage notbeing shown. Fig. 10 is a sectional view on line oa-as. of 'Fig'. 9, thecarriage, however being shown in position. Fig. 11 is a detail view ofthe forward face of the block in which the pistons or plungers ride; andFig. 12 Ba sectional detail view on line miz'.0cirl. of Fig. 1, thetype-bars being removed Fig. 13 is detail view of the stop employed inconnection with theplaten turning attachment.

I have found that air is a good medium to employ for the purpose oftransmitting the power from the finger-key mechanism to the type pistonsor plungers, and consequently I have selected a machine where air isused as the transmitting medium for thepurpose of illustrating myinvention, and although this pneumatic type of machine is susceptible ofbeing embodied in many mechanical forms, I at present prefersubstantially the construction illustrated in the drawings, wherein- Arepresents the frame of the machine. Near the longitudinal center of theframe there is arranged a cross-bar 10, which carries two upwardly andrearwardly extending standards 11, that are formed with grooves 2,adapted to receive the rear edge of a block 12, that is pierced by anumber of ducts or passages constituting cylinders 3, which conform Withradii that extend from the printing point of the machine.

Within each of the cylinders 3 I place a typeb'ar 14, thetype a beingformed at the forward end of the bar, and the rear end acting as apiston being preferably provided with a head 13 as is clearly showninFig. 2. Theleading ends of the type-bars 1e are supported and guidedby a frame 15 that is connected to the block 12, each horizontal row ofbars riding between cross wires or rods 4., and if deemed desirablesimilar vertical rods or wires might be placed between each vertical rowof bars.

To the rear face of the block 12 I-connect a plate 16, which carriesnipples 17 that register with the cylinders 3, said nipples beingadapted to receive tubes 9, that are preferably made of rubber, and leadto other nipples 17, which communicate directly, or through the mediumof passages, with chambers 18 formed in a block 19. (See Fig. 6.)

From the construction described it will be seen that should any one ormore of the type become worn or need adjustment, the tubes could bedisconnected and the block 12 and the parts carried thereby removedbodily from the machine.

In connection with each of the chambers 18 there is arranged an annularflange 20, and to these flanges 20 I bind dome-like structures orbellows 21, preferably of sheet vulcanized rubber that are pierced attheir apices to provide for the introduction of finger key stems 22,such stems being held to place by washers, as shown, or in any otherproper manner.

Although not absolutely necessary to the proper operation of themachine, I greatly prefer to arrange springs or rings 23 within thedomes 21, as such springs prevent all possible chance of the collapsingof the dome walls except under pressure. The stems 22 pass upwardthrough a plate 24, and just above said plate the finger pieces 25 aremounted, the under faces of said finger-pieces resting directly on theplate.

The above is a general description of my type battery and its operatingmechanism, and it will readily be understood that if any one of thefinger keys be depressed, air from its chamber 18 and bellows 21, Whereit is found at atmospheric pressure will be forced bodily forward andinto the corresponding cylinder 3, and hence that the type piston by theimpact of the body of projected air within said cylinder will be movedoutward and forward and that such piston will be drawn back the momentthe pressure on the finger-keyis relaxed by the suction arising from theexpansion or filling of the dome or bellows 21. "When the forwardmovement above described takes place the typeis driven against theplaten,tl1e operating mechanism of which will now be explained.

Near the forward end of the machine there is mounted a rock-shaft 26,which carries two rcarwardly extending levers 27, 27*,and these levers,in turn, carry pivotally mounted rods 28 that extend upward and throughthe plate 24, which said plate is held to the rods by clamping nuts, asshown. In addition to the lovers 27 and 27, the shaft 26 carries alever29, the upper end of which is slotted to engage a projection formed on aplate 30 that is held to slide upon the under face of the forwardportion of the frame A by set-screws 31, which engage the frame and passthrough slots cl formed in the plate, the plate being normally held inthe position in which it is shown in Fig. 6 by a spring 80 which iscoiled about a rod 32 and passes through an abutment carried by thecross-bar 10, the spring bearing against said abutment and against anadjusting nut 33 that is arranged as shown.

The plate 30 is formed with upwardly-extending lugs or projections 34,between which 36 and pass through slotsc formed in the body of the disk37. In connection with the disk 36 and gear 40 I arrange a spring 42,one end of which is connected to the disk and the other to the shaft 38,whereby the disk and gear tend to'move in a direction proper to carrythe carriage forward.

In order that a proper tension may be imparted to the spring 42, Iprovide the shaft 38 with a ratchet 43 that is engaged by a pawl 44carried by the frame A, the end of the shaft being shaped to fit a keysocket.

The frame of the platen carriage is made up of end pieces or standards50 and 50, and

connecting bars 51, 51, the rack 40 being ,t 1 carried by the bar 51.The end pieces 50, 50

are formed with diagonal slots 9 adapted to receive the shaft of theplaten or paper roller 52, which said platen rests directly upon a feedroller 53 when there is no paper in the machine, but should a number ofsheets of paper and interposed carbon be placed in position the platenshaft will ride up in the slot g, the platen, however, bearing evenlyupon the paper throughout its length, and consequently most any desirednumber of duplicate copies may be made.

From the construction above described it will be seen that if any one ofthe finger keys be depressed the levers 27, 27, will be carried downwardand the lever 29 will be carried backward, this backward movement of thelever 29 carrying the plate 30 backward and shifting the pawl 35 fromengagement with the teeth of the disk 37 to a position such that it willengage the teeth of the disk 36. Just at this time a spring it that isarranged as best shown in Fig. 9, will act to shift the disk 37 forwarda distance equal to the space between two of the disk teeth. When thepawl 35 moves from engagement with the disk 37 to engage the disk 36, itacts to hold the carriage against any possible forward movement, butwhen the pressure upon the finger-key is relaxed and the spring acts toreturn the parts to their normal positions the pawl will move back toengage the disk 37, which, as before stated, has been advanced one tooththrough the action of its spring h, and the spring 42 will then be freeto act to advance the platen carriage one step forward.

To the right-hand end of the platen shaft 1 IIO able stops, 63 and 64.

secur atoothed wheel 54 that is held against accidental displacement bya retaining pawl 55, but when it is desired to turn the platen to feedthe paper forward the pawl will slip from tooth to tooth. To turn theplaten as just described and at the same time to return the carriage toa position to commence a line of print, I pivotally connect a bar 56 tothe end piece or standard 50, which said bar carries a handpiece 57 anda toothed arm 58, said arm engaging the teeth of the wheel 54,

, the arrangement being such that if the handequal distances from theaxis of the set screw and hence permit different degrees of movement ofthe bar 56, the stop being held in either position to which it may beadjusted by the spring 61.

In order that the range of motion of the carriage maybe controlled, Iprovide said carriage with a forwardly-extending projection 62, and tothe frame, A, I secure two adjust- (See Fig. 4.) r

Although any proper form of ribbon carrying mechanism might be employed,I prefer to mount a roller 65 as represented, upon a shaft that isjournaled in a shelf 66, carried by the frame A, the lower end of thisshaft being provided with a friction wheel 67 which bears against thecarriage bar 51", such roller being loosely mounted on its shaft andcarrying a pawl '11 that engages a ratchet 0, said ratchet being'rigidlyconnected to the ,roller '65, so that as the carriage is fedforward-step by step the ribbon -carrying roller will be shifted at eachmovement of the carriage, but when the carriage is returned to the rightthe pawl will slip upon the ratchet and the ribbon will not be moved.

In order that the ribbon may be held to the roller 65, I provide aroller 68 that is carried by an arm 69 and furnished with a handpiece 8;said arm being borne upon by a spring 70 which tends to throw the roller68 toward the roller 65, and consequently the ribbon will always be heldin frictional contact between the two rollers. The ribbon is endless andmay be guidedin any proper manner, but I prefer to employ a set orseries of supports and guides such as those illustrated in the drawings.

Ordinary spacing may be done by depress--- ing the plate 24 thenecessary number of times, but it is desirable that provision be thetail piece q of the pawl 35. When it is desired to advance the carriagequite a distance, say half a line, the operator grasps a knob 72 carriedby the rod 71 and at the same time holds the carriage. The knob is thendrawn outward and the pawl moved as indicated in Fig. 9. v The firsteffect of this movement will be tomove the disks 36 and 37 backward, butwhen the pawl passes from engagement with the disk teeth the spring 42will be free to actto advance the carriage.

Having thus fully described my invention,

. what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination with a platen and its operating mechanism, ofa typebar provided with a piston or plunger, a cylinder therefor,

.a bellows, a finger-key adapted to compress said bellows and a ductconnecting said bellows and said cylinder, whereby the type will bereciprocated 'with respect to the platen, substantially as described.

2. The combination with a type, of a reciprocating piston or plunger, acylinder in which said piston or plunger rides, an air chambercontaining normally uncompressed air and I adapted to have its areareduced, openin g into said cylinder, and a finger-key operating saidchamber, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of a type-bar, a piston or plunger in connectiontherewith, a cylinder .in which said piston or plunger rides, and achamber communicating with said cylinder having a compressible Wall,substantially as described.

4. The combination with a type-bar, a piston or plunger in connectiontherewith, a cylinder in which the piston or plunger rides, of an airchamber formed with a compressible wall, with which chamber the cylinderis in communication, and a means for compressing said wall,substantially as described.

5. The combination with atype-bar of a piston or plunger arranged inconnection therewith, a cylinder in which the piston or plunger rides,an air chamber formed with adorneshaped compressible wall, with whichchamber the cylinder is in communication, and a means for compressingsaid dome-shaped wall, substantially as described.

6. The combination of atype operating piston or plunger, of a cylinderin which the piston or plunger rides, an air chamber formed with acompressible wall, with which chamber the cylinder is in communication,and a spring arranged to bear against said wall, sub stantially asdescribed.

7. The combination of a type operating piston or plunger, a cylinder inwhich the piston or plunger rides, an air chamber formed with adome-shaped compressible wall, with which chamber the cylinder is incommunication, and a spring arranged to bear against said wall,substantially as described.

8. The combination with a platen and its operating mechanism, of a typeoperating piston or plunger, a cylinder in which the piston or plungerrides, a compressible air chamber opening into said cylinder and a keyfor operating said chamber, substantially as described.

9. In a typewriting machine the combinat1on of a battery of typeprovided with pistons which ride in cylinders, said cylinders belngarranged in banks on lines radiating from a common center, a platen, itsoperating mechanism, a series of air chambers containlug normallyuncompressed air, and fingerkeys adapted to operate said chambers, todrive the air therefrom into said cylinders, as and for the purpose setforth.

10. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a platen and itsoperating mechanism, of a multiplicity of type-bearing bars mounted inindividual cylinders and adapted to slide toward and from said platen,an air chamber for each type-bar compressing air and forcing the sameagainst an individual type-bar, substantially as set forth.

11. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a platen and itsoperating mechanlsm, of a multiplicity of type-bearing bars mounted toslide towa"d and from the platen, a cylinder and finger-key for eachtype-bearing bar, and a chamber in which air is compressed, said chamberand cylinder being in communication, substantially as set forth.

12. The combination with a platen and its operating mechanism, of aseries of type-bars mounted in banks and on lines which radiate from acommon center, a pneumatic mechanism for each type bar adapted to drivenormally uncompressed air against said typebars, and a seriesof fingerkeys substantially as set forth.

13. The combination with a series of type controlling pistons orplungers actuated solely by a body of air, which ride in ducts orcylinders, of a finger-key mechanism, operating air chambers containingair normally uncompressed, and a series of tubes adapted to convey theair from said chambers to said ducts or cylinders, substantially asdescribed.

14. In a typewriting machine the combination with a battery ofcylinders, of type controlling pistons arranged therein, nipplesarranged in connection with the cylinders, a set of air chambers, othernipples arranged in connection therewith, a set of tubes by which thetwo sets of nipples are connected, and a finger-key mechanism arrangedin connection tad 1,072

Evith the air chambers, substantially as set orth.

15. In a typewriting machine, the combina: tion. with a series ofcylinders, of type-bars that ride therein, a guide frame and guidingrods carried by such frame substantially as set forth.

16. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a pair of ribbonfeeding rollers, one of which is yieldingly mounted and one. of which isprovided with a friction wheel that bears upon the carriage, of a pawland ratchet arranged in connection with the friction wheel, an endlessribbon, and a series of ribbon guides, substantially as described.

17. In a carriage feeding attachment for typewriting machines, thecombination with a main toothed disk, of a feeding spring connectedthereto,a second toothed disk having a slight motion on the main disk, ashifting spring connected to the second disk, a disk actuating pawl, ameans for shifting the pawl from engagement with the teeth of the seconddisk to engagement with the teeth of the main disk, a returning spring,and a means for throwing the pawl out of engagement with both disks atonce, substantially as described.

18. The combination with a platen carriage I that is provided with arack, of a gear that engages said rack, a toothed disk 36 rigidlyconnected to the gear, a spring 42, a toothed disk 37 connected to thedisk 36 by studs 41 which pass through slots 6 in the disk 37, so thatthe disk 37 has a limited play on the disk 36, a spring h arranged inconnection with the disk 37, a pawl, a means for shifting the pawl fromengagement with the teeth of the disk 37 to engagement with the teeth ofthe disk 36 at each depression of a finger-key, a returning spring, anda means for throwing the pawl out of engagement with both disks at thesame time, substantially as described.

19. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a battery ofcylinders, of type carrying bars arranged therein, a set of airchambers,ducts connecting the cylinders and the air chambers, and finger-keymechanism arranged in connection with the air chambers, substantially asdescribed.

This specification signed and witnessed this 31st day of August, 1891.

. J. WILLARD MORRIS.

\Vitnesses:

D. II. DRISCOLL, EUGENE CONRAN.

